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Resisting Postmodern Architecture

Critical regionalism before globalisation

Stylianos Giamarelos

£30.00

ISBN: 9781800081345

Publication: January 10, 2022

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Since its first appearance in 1981, critical regionalism has enjoyed a celebrated worldwide reception. The 1990s increased its pertinence as an architectural theory that defends the cultural identity of a place resisting the homogenising onslaught of globalisation. Today, its main principles (such as acknowledging the climate, history, materials, culture and topography of a specific place) are integrated in architects’ education across the globe. But at the same time, the richer cross-cultural history of critical regionalism has been reduced to schematic juxtapositions of ‘the global’ with ‘the local’.
Retrieving both the globalising branches and the overlooked cross-cultural roots of critical regionalism, Resisting Postmodern Architecture resituates critical regionalism within the wider framework of debates around postmodern architecture, the diverse contexts from which it emerged, and the cultural media complex that conditioned its reception. In so doing, it explores the intersection of three areas of growing historical and theoretical interest: postmodernism, critical regionalism and globalisation.

Based on more than 50 interviews and previously unpublished archival material from six countries, the book transgresses existing barriers to integrate sources in other languages into anglophone architectural scholarship. In so doing, it shows how the ‘periphery’ was not just a passive recipient, but also an active generator of architectural theory and practice. Stylianos Giamarelos challenges long-held ‘central’ notions of supposedly ‘international’ discourses of the recent past, and outlines critical regionalism as an unfinished project apposite for the 21st century on the fronts of architectural theory, history and historiography.

Praise for Resisting Postmodern Architecture

'Giamarelos reflects upon why Frampton’s critical regionalism continues to endure, particularly as a template for an engaged practice on the part of architects around the world today. He points to aspects of Frampton’s ideas, such as a respect for nature, local landscapes and site conditions, which easily segue to the pressing contemporary concerns regarding sustainability and climate change. For these reasons, Resisting Postmodern Architecture is a worthy, relevant and innovative work of scholarship.'
Mary Pepchinski

'If architectural historians embrace the seven points of Giamarelos's manifesto remains to be seen, but the value of the history the book tells is abundantly clear, given the lack of a history of critical regionalism before it.'
A Weekly Dose of Architecture Books

Stylianos Giamarelos is Lecturer in Architecture at The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL.

List of figures
Acknowledgements

Introduction: Four decades

Globalisations
Postmodern architectures
Revisionist histories
Postmodern architecture in Greece
Forty years of critical regionalism
Globalising branches
Cross-cultural roots

Part I: Globalising branches

1. Postmodern stage

Greek architects in Venice
Postmodern architecture before the Biennale
Stern’s dominance
The historiographical mark of the Biennale
Provincialising postmodern architecture

2. Polyglot histories

Shared political outlook
Joint writing project
Constructive regionalism
The co-authored question of regionalism
Mumford’s significance
The multilingual history of critical regionalism

3. Authorial agents

Frampton’s regionalism
Tzonis and Lefaivre’s critical regionalism
The Antonakakis’ architecture of critical regionalism

4. Media problem

Postmodern regionalism
Battle of the publishers
Critical regionalism as a media construct

5. Lost books

Frampton’s book project
Regionalisms of cross-cultural exchange
Critical regionalism as collective culture
Cross-cultural roots and globalising branches

Part II: Cross-cultural roots

6. Celebrated reception

The geopolitical foundation of the Classical centre
The Classical centre of art and architecture
The marginalisation of modern architecture
National(ist) historiography
Critical regionalism in history
An Englishman in Athens
Frampton’s Greece

7. Inadvertent repercussions

Inward-looking repercussions
Boomerang effect
An imploding collective

8. Cross-cultural genealogy

Pikionis’s grid under the pathway
Regional modernist teachings
Corbu and Mies in Greece
Cross-cultural regionalism

9. Athenian resistance

Resistant architecture
Resistant mode of production
Resistant aesthetics
Residual hierarchies
Retheorising resistance

10. Postmodern stigma

Directing the grid
Transforming Athenian modernism
Turning postmodern
Short-circuited discourses

Epilogue: Three fronts

Three Worlds of the 1980s
Three globalisations of the 1990s
Three colonisations of the 2000s
Three returns of the 1960s
Three challenges of the 2010s

Bibliography

Index

'this in-depth scholarly enquiry is not merely a history of postmodernism, but also an alternative history of modern Greek architecture, a commentary on architecture’s media production, and a study of operative criticism.'
Journal of Architecture

'Reading Stelios Giamarelos’ book has been inspiring and informative. His book covers the last 40 years. In that time there have been many significant developments and innovations in architectural history, addressing, for example, architectural authorship and the construction site. But the building itself is noticeably absent from some contemporary architectural histories. In contrast, nuanced appreciation and critical analysis of specific buildings is crucial to Giamarelos’ argument. His choice is apt because he focuses on the Greek architects Suzana and Dimitris Antonakakis, to whom the term ‘critical regionalism’ was first applied by Tzonis and Lefaivre in 1981. Giamarelos’ careful study of specific projects draws forth many wonderfully rich and subtle insights. He offers a fuller picture of the Antonakakis’ work, using their denial of their later projects to his advantage. His analysis also helps to explain the ways that architects conceive their designs. Although his book is entitled Resisting Postmodern Architecture, Giamarelos sidesteps stylistic classifications by searching for the cultural, social, and political contexts that underpin them.

In the conclusion, he intriguingly becomes an advocate for a new critical regionalism in our current context. Rather than a discreet historical period he recognises that critical regionalism can be understood as incomplete and unfinished. Revisiting critical regionalism, he proposes that its present-day reinterpretation needs to discard its Western-centric focus. Identifying critical regionalism as an early example of environmental sustainability in mainstream architectural discourse, Giamarelos frames his book within the context of the current climate emergency. Although they do not use the term, a critical regionalist approach to climate change is seen in the work of the climate researchers who authored the influential Hartwell Paper in 2010, including Mike Hulme, Gwyn Prins and Steve Rayner. This approach is very much in the spirit of the critical regionalism Giamarelos so lucidly advocates.'
Jonathan Hill, Professor of Architecture and Visual Theory, The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL

'Giamarelos reflects upon why Frampton’s critical regionalism continues to endure, particularly as a template for an engaged practice on the part of architects around the world today. He points to aspects of Frampton’s ideas, such as a respect for nature, local landscapes and site conditions, which easily segue to the pressing contemporary concerns regarding sustainability and climate change. For these reasons, Resisting Postmodern Architecture is a worthy, relevant and innovative work of scholarship.'
Mary Pepchinski

Format: Paperback

Size: 234 × 156 mm

438 Pages

116 colour illustrations

ISBN: 9781800081345

Publication: January 10, 2022